What is bph stand for

A normal prostate is on the left. BPH is on the right. Researchers have not found a way to prevent BPH, and these factors may increase your risk of developing an enlarged prostate:.

What is the Prostate? What is BPH? Are You at Risk? Researchers have not found a way to prevent BPH, and these factors may increase your risk of developing an enlarged prostate: Aging. BPH is the most common prostate problem for men older than age When the two drugs were compared in a study published in The New England Journal of Medicine , terazosin appeared to produce greater improvement of BPH symptoms and urinary flow rate than finasteride.

But this difference may have been due to the larger number of men in the study with small prostates, who would be more likely to have BPH symptoms from smooth muscle constriction rather than from physical obstruction by excess glandular tissue.

Doxazosin was evaluated in three clinical studies of men with BPH. Patients took either a placebo or 4 mg to 12 mg of doxazosin per day. Despite the previously held belief that doxazosin was only effective for mild or moderate BPH, patients with severe symptoms experienced the greatest improvement.

Among men treated for hypertension, the doses of anti-hypertension drugs may need to be adjusted due to the blood-pressure-lowering effects of an alpha-adrenergic blocker. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, such as Cialis, are commonly used for erectile dysfunction, but when used daily, they also can relax the smooth muscle of the prostate and overactivity of the bladder muscle. Studies examining the impact of daily Cialis use compared to placebo demonstrated a reduction in International Prostate Symptom Score by four to five points, and Cialis was superior to placebo in reducing urinary frequency, urgency and urinary incontinence episodes.

Surgical treatment of the prostate involves displacement or removal of the obstructing adenoma of the prostate. Surgical therapies have historically been reserved for men who failed medical therapy and those who developed urinary retention secondary to BPH, recurrent urinary tract infections, bladder stones or bleeding from the prostate. However, a large number of men are poorly compliant with medical therapy due to side effects. Surgical therapy can be considered for these men to prevent long-term deterioration of bladder function.

Current surgical options include monopolar and bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate TURP , robotic simple prostatectomy retropubic, suprapubic and laparoscopic , transurethral incision of the prostate, bipolar transurethral vaporization of the prostate TUVP , photoselective vaporization of the prostate PVP , prostatic urethral lift PUL , thermal ablation using transurethral microwave therapy TUMT , water vapor thermal therapy, transurethral needle ablation TUNA of the prostate and enucleation using holmium HoLEP or thulium ThuLEP laser.

Thermal procedures alleviate symptoms by using convective heat transfer from a radiofrequency generator. Transurethral needle ablation TUNA of the prostate uses low-energy radio waves, delivered by tiny needles at the tip of a catheter, to heat prostatic tissue.

Retrograde ejaculation occurred in one patient. Another thermal treatment, transurethral microwave therapy TUMT , is a minimally invasive alternative to surgery for patients with bladder outflow obstruction caused by BPH. Performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia, TUMT damages prostatic tissue by microwave energy heat that is emitted from a urethral catheter.

A new form of thermal therapy, called water vapor thermal therapy or Rezum, involves conversion of thermal energy into water vapor to cause cell death in the prostate. With thermal therapies, several treatment sessions may be necessary, and most men need more treatment for BPH symptoms within five years after their initial thermal treatment.

This procedure was first used in the U. Like transurethral resection of the prostate TURP , it is done with an instrument that is passed through the urethra. But instead of removing excess tissue, the surgeon only makes one or two small cuts in the prostate with an electrical knife or laser, relieving pressure on the urethra.

TUIP can only be done for men with smaller prostates. It takes less time than TURP, and it can be performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia in most cases. A lower incidence of retrograde ejaculation is one of its advantages. In contrast to the other therapies that ablate or resect prostate tissue, the prostatic urethral lift procedure involves placing UroLift implants into the prostate under direct visualization to compress the prostate lobes and unobstruct the prostatic urethra.

The implants are placed using a needle that passes through the prostate to deliver a small metallic tab anchoring it to the prostate capsule. Once the capsular tab is placed, a suture connected to the capsular tab is tensioned and a second stainless steel tab is placed on the suture to lock it into place. The suture is severed. View a video of the UroLift procedure.

It involves removal of the core of the prostate with a resectoscope — an instrument passed through the urethra into the bladder. A wire attached to the resectoscope removes prostate tissue and seals blood vessels with an electric current. A catheter remains in place for one to three days, and a hospital stay of one or two days is generally required.

TURP causes little or no pain, and full recovery can be expected by three weeks after surgery. In carefully selected cases patients with medical problems and smaller prostates , TURP may be possible as an outpatient procedure. Improvement after surgery is greatest in those with the worst symptoms. The mortality from TURP is very low 0. Prostatectomy is a very common operation. About , of these procedures are carried out annually in the U.

A prostatectomy for benign disease BPH involves removal of only the inner portion of the prostate simple prostatectomy. This operation differs from a radical prostatectomy for cancer, in which all prostate tissue is removed. Simple prostatectomy offers the best and fastest chance to improve BPH symptoms, but it may not totally alleviate discomfort. For example, surgery may relieve the obstruction, but symptoms may persist due to bladder abnormalities. While retrograde ejaculation carries no risk, it may cause infertility and anxiety.

The frequency of these complications depends on the type of surgery. Surgery is delayed until any urinary tract infection is successfully treated and kidney function is stabilized if urinary retention has resulted in kidney damage. Since the timing of prostate surgery is elective, men who may need a transfusion — primarily those with a very large prostate, who are more likely to experience significant blood loss — have the option of donating their own blood in advance, in case they need it during or after surgery.

This option is referred to as an autologous blood transfusion. An open prostatectomy is the operation of choice when the prostate is very large — e. Using Trusted Resources.

Coronavirus Information for Patients. Clinical Trials during Coronavirus. Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer. Emotional Support for Young People with Cancer. Cancers by Body Location. Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment.

Pediatric Supportive Care. Rare Cancers of Childhood Treatment. Childhood Cancer Genomics. Study Findings. Metastatic Cancer Research. Intramural Research. Extramural Research. Cancer Research Workforce. Partners in Cancer Research. What Are Cancer Research Studies. Research Studies. Get Involved. Cancer Biology Research. Cancer Genomics Research. Research on Causes of Cancer. Cancer Prevention Research. Cancer Treatment Research.

Cancer Health Disparities. Childhood Cancers Research. Global Cancer Research. Cancer Research Infrastructure. Clinical Trials. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research.

Bioinformatics, Big Data, and Cancer. Annual Report to the Nation. Research Advances by Cancer Type. Stories of Discovery. Milestones in Cancer Research and Discovery. Biomedical Citizen Science. Director's Message. Budget Proposal. Stories of Cancer Research. Driving Discovery. Highlighted Scientific Opportunities. Research Grants.